Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A review of pathological explanation on behavioral addictions and its comparison with drug addictions
In the past, addiction was known only by drug addictions, Currently, its definition has become much broader. Gambling, compulsive buying, video game addiction, problematic internet use, and even extreme work or sports can be classified as addictions. The existing criteria for experts in diagnosing different types of behavioral addictions are highly controversial, and this has made it difficult ...
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This review examines the merits of 'food addiction' as an explanation of excessive eating (i.e., eating in excess of what is required to maintain a healthy body weight). It describes various apparent similarities in appetites for foods and drugs. For example, conditioned environmental cues can arouse food and drug-seeking behaviour, 'craving' is an experience reported to precede eating and drug...
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Preclinical research documents that, aside from the primary and secondary reinforcing effects of nicotine intake itself, nicotine also acutely enhances the reinforcing efficacy of non-drug reinforcers ("rewards"). Study of these effects in humans has largely been overlooked, but very recent findings suggest they may have clinical implications for more fully understanding the persistence of toba...
متن کاملCompulsivity Across the Pathological Misuse of Drug and Non-Drug Rewards
Behavioral adaptation is required for the successful navigation of a constantly changing environment. Impairments in behavioral flexibility are commonly observed in psychiatric disorders including those of addiction. This study investigates two distinct facets of compulsivity, namely reversal learning and attentional set shifting, implicating orbitofrontal and lateral prefrontal regions respect...
متن کاملResponsiveness to drug cues and natural rewards in opiate addiction: associations with later heroin use.
CONTEXT Although drug cues reliably activate the brain's reward system, studies rarely examine how the processing of drug stimuli compares with natural reinforcers or relates to clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVES To determine hedonic responses to natural and drug reinforcers in long-term heroin users and to examine the utility of these responses in predicting future heroin use. DESIGN Prospectiv...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Neuropharmacology
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0028-3908
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010